Varieties, plant breeding and release

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://elibrary2.sugarresearch.com.au/handle/11079/13841

Research outcomes: Comprehensive and efficient variety breeding, selection and release programs responding to yield expectations, environmental constraints, resource scarcity and regional preferences. Faster varietal adoption using advanced methods for bulking, distribution and planting.

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1976 - 197921980 - 19863

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End date: 1989Subject: search.filters.subject.Plant breeding

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    The promotion and delay of flowering
    (1979) Pollock, JS
    Several aspects of promoted flowering and delayed flowering were examined in small experiments at Meringa. These have application in the controlled flowering of parent varieties to facilitate a greater range of parent combinations. Results from some experiments are inconclusive and suggest further research. A useful collection of papers on flowering in sugar cane is contained in the Proceedings of the 11th ISSCT Congress, p505-545
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    Biomass accumulation in sugarcane : final report 79/9028
    (1984) Kingston, G; Ham, GJ; Ridge, DR; Leverington, KC
    Growth analysis experiments were conducted at Ayr and Bundaberg from 1979 to 1982 to study biomass accumulation in plant and ratoon crops of sugarcane. Crops were planted and ratooned in March, June, September and December, and harvested at 6, 9, 12 and 15 months of age. Data were acquired for yields of total fresh and dry matter, in addition to yields of the following vegetative components: dry leaf, green leaf, tops and stalks. Fibre analyses were determined on all components, while glucose, fructose and sucrose % were also determined in the latter three components. It was shown that yield of total dry matter increased with age at harvest for all months of crop initiation. Potential for dry matter accumulation was closely associated with intercepted solar radiation. Growth for three months was ranked December-March > March-June > September-December > June-September. These rankings represented the interaction of crop growth stage with solar radition. The proportion of total dry matter allocated to soluble and structural carbohydrate was shown to be dependent on variety as well as an interaction between age at harvest and month of harvest. Canes older than nine months of age, harvested between June and December, had established a plateau type equilibrium between the proportion of total dry matter in soluble and structural carbohydrate. Good prospects existed for forward extension of the crushing season to March for ethanol production based on 15 month old cane. Models were developed to describe the growth of yield components of the biomass in relation to intercepted solar radition, month of crop initiation, age at harvest and crop class.
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    The inheritance of ash in juice from sugar cane
    (1983) Hogarth, DM; Kingston, G
    Ash per cent juice data were obtained for varieties within 97 crosses in original seedlings in 1979 and for varieties within 86 crosses from three factorial polycrosses in 1981, on the Bundaberg Sugar Experiment Station. The data showed that many crosses had higher ash levels than the standard variety Q87. In experiment I, Q87 had slightly lower ash levels than Q109 and Q111, and all three were significantly lower than Q110. It was found for experiments I and II, that 65 and 54 per cent respectively of the phenotypic variation was associated with genetic characters. As 95 per cent of genetic variation was additive, the prospects for breeding lower ash canes from low ash parents are very good. However, selections based on ash assessment may reject many varieties with other desirable agronomic characters. Negative correlations existed between ash per cent juice and Brix. However, the correlations were too low to assume that selection for high Brix canes would result in selections with lower ash levels.
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    Regeneration of sugarcane plants from protoplasts and application of genetic transformation systems to sugarcane
    (1986) Taylor, PWJ
    Current gene transfer systems developed for modifying plants include direct gene transfer to protoplasts and Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer. These studies have important practical implications for application of genetic engineering technology to crop improvement, initially in sugarcane, and subsequently in other graminaceous crops for which sugarcane may serve as a model.