Pest, disease and weed management

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://elibrary2.sugarresearch.com.au/handle/11079/13843

Research outcomes: A comprehensive RD&E program that addresses existing and emerging pests, diseases and weeds, allowing sugarcane growers to manage their crops efficiently with minimal environmental impacts. An enhanced industry capacity to deal with incursions of exotic pests, diseases and weeds.

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1984 - 198941990 - 199911

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Author: search.filters.author.Croft, BJEnd date: 1999

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 15
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    Pest risk analysis of sugarcane for the Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy
    (BSES, 1997) Croft, BJ; Magarey, RC
    The purpose of this pest risk analysis (PRA) is firstly to identify quarantine pests and pathogens which pose a threat to sugarcane, which may enter Australia through its northern borders into the area covered by the AQIS Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy (NAQS); and secondly to, identify measures which could be taken by various agencies to reduce the risks of entry or to minimise the impact of such pests should they arrive. The PRA was conducted as outlined in the FAO Standard "Guidelines for Pest Risk Analysis", and is one of a series of PRAs commissioned by NAQS.
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    Survey of sugarcane in eastern Australia for sugarcane smut : SRDC final report BSS230
    (BSES, 1999) Croft, BJ; Magarey, RC; Smith, DJ
    Objectives of project are to: conduct specific smut surveys to determine whether sugarcane smut is present in eastern Australia. Through publicity campaigns encourage cane farmers to inspect their farms for smut. Collate all survey results and produce reports at least every year or as required. Educate industry in all aspects of smut as a threat to the eastern Australian industry.
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    Identification of resistance mechanisms in sugarcane to infection by Pachymetra : SRDC final report BS79S
    (BSES, 1999) McGhie, TK; Maclean, D; Smith, GR; Croft, BJ
    Project objectives- Develop techniques for studying the biochemical reactions of sugarcane to infection by Pachymetra.- Identify biochemical mechanisms of infection by Pachymetra.- Identify biochemical changes produced in sugarcane by infection with Pachymetra.- Compare the effect of chemical constituents of different sugarcane varieties on Pachymetra oospore germination and hyphal growth.- Determine which resistance mechanisms and responses of sugarcane are present in resistant varieties, ranked by glasshouse screening, as an aid to future breeding programs.
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    The role of Pythium species in yield decline in Southern cane growing districts : SRDC final report BS80S
    (BSES, 1998) Pegg, G; Croft, BJ; Irwin, JAG
    Yield decline has been demonstrated in all established canegrowing regions of Queensland. Field and glasshouse studies with soil fumigants have shown that yield decline is largely caused by soilborne biological factors. Some evidence suggests that these factors are specific to sugarcane. Yield increases of 30-40% in field experiments with methyl bromide have been obtained in all canegrowing regions. If only 10% of this response could be obtained by partial control of deleterious soilborne microorganisms, returns to the Queensland sugar industry would be increased by more than $30m annually. Pythium species have been responsible for significant yield loss of sugarcane in Louisiana. Limited examinations of soils from the southern canegrowing districts of Queensland has shown that highly pathogenic Pythium species are present. These fungi cause severe damage to cane roots under cold, wet conditions and may be involved in poor ratooning under trash blankets in southern districts. While these fungi may cause large yield losses in central and southern canegrowing regions, their distribution and severity and the need for controls have not been adequately defined. This report briefly outlines the results of a survey of southern Australian canegrowing districts for Pythium species and glasshouse and field experiments to determine the yield losses which can be attributed to Pythium species. Detailed experimental methods and results can be found in the Master's Thesis by G Pegg entitled "The role of Pythium species in yield decline in southern sugarcane growing districts of Australia" which was the result of research conducted in this project.
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    A review of yield losses caused by Australian and selected exotic sugarcane diseases : SRDC final report BS1725
    (BSES, 1996) Magarey, RC; Croft, BJ
    Yield loss studies of Australian endemic diseases, and those exotic diseases posing the greatest threat to production in Australia, are reviewed. There is a need for much research particularly in relating disease intensity with yield and in investigating the effect of varietal resistance on this relationship. It is suggested that initial studies begin with yellow spot and rust, and should include sugarcane bacilliform virus and yellow leaf syndrome when techniques for handling these diseases improve. Priorities for further research should be reviewed at the conclusion of the initial yield loss research. The effect of the important exotic disease, smut, has been well researched overseas.
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    BS172S Pathogen Risk Analysis to Prioritise Research and Quarantine Needs of the Australian Sugar Industry. A Review of Sugarcane Diseases of Quarantine Risk to the Australian Sugar Industry, 1997
    (BSES, 1997) Croft, BJ; Magarey, RC
    The major diseases of economic importance to sugarcane have been identified and their quarantine risk for Australia has been reviewed. Twelve high to moderate risk quarantinable diseases were identified. Sugarcane smut must be considered the highest risk disease for Australia. It has a history of spread to new countries, is a major disease in all countries where it is present, both tropical and sub-tropical. Smut has recently spread to the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia and Indonesian plans to commence new sugarcane plantations on East Timor and Irian Jaya will increase the risk of smut entering Australia. Other diseases of serious risk are downy mildew, Fiji disease, Ramu stunt, mosaic and leaf scald. The first three are of particular concern because of their presence in Papua New Guinea and because of reported illegal imports of sugarcane cuttings and related species from Papua New Guinea into the Cairns region. Restriction of the movement of these diseases into or within Australia is essential for the continued competitiveness of the Australian sugar industry. All of these diseases should be considered quarantinable for Australia.
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    Ratoon stunting disease (RSD) host-pathogen relationships in sugarcane : SRDC final report BS99S
    (BSES, 1997) Brumbley; Birch, R; Croft, BJ; Taylor, PWJ; Petrasovits, LA
    Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli (Cxx) is a gram +, fastidious, slow growing bacterium that causes ratoon stunting disease (RSD) of sugarcane. Because of its fastidious nature, slow growth, and poor symptom expression, it has traditionally been put into the 'too hard basket' by molecular plant pathologists. Systems for transformationa nd transposon-based mutagenesis of Cxx have been successfully established. In addition, a very sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based detection system was developed for Cxx so that as few as 100 cells per reaction can be detected in the xylem extracts from Cxx infected plants.
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    BS172S Pathogen risk analysis to prioritise research and quarantine needs of the Australian Sugar Industry
    (BSES, 1996) Croft, BJ
    Sugarcane smut and RSD occur at a high incidence and severity in the Indonesian sugar industry. Indonesia plans to close small factories and plantations on Java and establish new plantations on Irian Jaya, East Timor and Sulawesi. Movement of cane diseases in particular smut to these islands, which are closer to Australia, must be considered a major threat to the Australian Sugar Industry. Immediate discussions should be commenced to develop a plan to assist the Indonesians to prevent diseases from entering these new plantations, especially on Irian Jaya.The Indonesian Sugar Research Institute strongly supports our proposed ACIAR project. The Institute has good facilities and should provide a good partner in attempts to improve quarantine in the region.Other diseases of quarantine significance to Australia in Indonesia are leaf scorch which occurs on Sumatra and strain B and E of sugarcane mosaic. Downy mildew and Fiji disease occur in Irian Jaya, but not in commercial plantations.Assisting the Indonesian Sugar Industry to control diseases, especially smut, is in the long term interests of Australia as this will reduce the risk of this serious disease entering Australia
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    Economic analysis of RSD control strategies : final report SRDC project BS101S
    (BSES, 1995) Croft, BJ; Page, JR; Bull, JK; Beattie, RN
    The aim of this study was to compare the economics of the existing RSD control strategy in Australia of disease-free seed and disinfecting harvesters with breeding cultivars resistant to RSD. Analysis presented in this paper show that an effective disease-free seed scheme is economically the best RSD control strategy. Cultivar resistance would only be attractive if disease-free seed ceased to be a viable option.