Pest, disease and weed management

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://elibrary2.sugarresearch.com.au/handle/11079/13843

Research outcomes: A comprehensive RD&E program that addresses existing and emerging pests, diseases and weeds, allowing sugarcane growers to manage their crops efficiently with minimal environmental impacts. An enhanced industry capacity to deal with incursions of exotic pests, diseases and weeds.

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Author: search.filters.author.Magarey, RCSubject: search.filters.subject.Pachymetra

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    Pachymetra root rot surveys of the Tully district update 2018 : ASSCT peer-reviewed paper
    (ASSCT, 2019) Shannon, GJ; Magarey, RC; Macgillycuddy, L; Stringer, JK; Lewis, M
    Pachymetra root rot is a soil-borne disease that impacts all sectors of the Australian sugar industry. The disease attacks the root system of sugarcane crops, affecting yields and leading to stool loss and shortened crop cycles, thus impacting the farming, harvesting and milling sectors. Monitoring the disease is, therefore, important so that optimised management practices are adopted, so bringing benefits to the entire value chain. A survey of the Tully district conducted in 2004 showed that pachymetra root rot was widely distributed across the Tully mill area; a second survey undertaken in 2013 sought to determine trends in disease incidence after some significant changes occurred in the cultivar mix. Crop resistance had shifted significantly with a change in cultivar resistance and there was a consequent increase in disease severity. Financial losses from reduced yield were estimated at $5.5 million in 2013; this compares to just under $1.0 million in 2004. This paper reports on a third survey in 2018 that is a five-year update to provide snapshot of the status of this disease in the Tully sugar industry. While the disease is still widespread, its severity has decreased with financial losses estimated to be $3.5 million.
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    Effects of pachymetra root rot and nematodes on some elite sugarcane clones in Australia
    (ASSCT, 2016) Bhuiyan, SA; Croft, BJ; Wong, E; Ogden-Brown, J; Turner, M; Parfitt, R; Magarey, RC; Bull, J; Cox, MC
    PACHYMETRA ROOT ROT and nematodes are the two most important soil-borne pathogens of sugarcane in Australia. An experiment was established in Yandaran, Queensland in grey forest soil with high Pachymetra spore counts (>100 000 spores/kg). Fifteen elite varieties and one advanced clone, from pachymetra root rot susceptible, intermediate and resistant categories, were planted in the experiment. The experiment was maintained until the second ratoon crop and Pachymetra and nematode populations were assessed in each crop. In addition, the incidence of smut was recorded before harvesting. Cane yield (TCH), commercial cane sugar (CCS) and sugar yield (TSH) were also measured in each crop. Pachymetra spore counts remained significantly lower in resistant varieties compared to susceptible and intermediate varieties until the second ratoon. In intermediate and susceptible varieties Pachymetra spore counts increased substantially, in particular, in second ratoon. In intermediate varieties such as Q232A and Q208A Pachymetra spore counts increased more than three times from plant crop to second ratoon. Numbers of nematodes, in particular root-lesion nematode, more than doubled in the second ratoon crop compared to the plant and first ratoon crops. Only Q248A had significant levels of smut, with 25% and 30% infected plants in the first and second ratoon crops, respectively. Yield reduction was substantial in the second ratoon compared to the plant and first-ratoon crop. Sugar yield decreased by 45% in the second ratoon compared to the first ratoon. Mostly, poor or negative correlations were observed between both Pachymetra spore counts and nematode numbers and yield.