Completed projects and reports

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Sugar Research Australia, Sugar Research Development Corporation and BSES reports from completed research projects and papers.

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Report to the Government of Ceylon on the diseases of sugar cane in Ceylon
(BSES, 1961) Egan, BT
Three commercially important diseases of sugar cane were noted during a survey of sugar cane plantings in Ceylon. Several potentially dangerous diseases were seen, while other diseases of minor importance were also present. Recommendations have been made for the control of all important diseases present, and on quarantine procedure to be followed to prevent the entrance of others.
A condensed report on cane deterioration trials : Fairymead, 1967 season
(BSES, 1968) Messrs, PG; Egan, BT; Kirby, LK
Following Discussion between the Australian Producers' Association and the Director of the Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations it was decided to carry out a series of cane deterioration trials in the South Queensland district during the 1967 season. As management of Fairymead Mill offered to supply and harvest cane for these tests from their plantation, and to make available laboratory facilities for this work, it was decided to carry out the work at Fairymead.
Factors affecting the sugar content of sugar cane in the wet tropics of Queensland: statistical analysis of ccs data at Babinda and Tully
(BSES, 1972) Sturgess, OW; Hogarth, DM; Hurney, AP; Leverington, KC
In the wet tropics, the sugar content of crops is usually below the state's average and is a critical factor in farm economy, particularly during years of low sugar prices. This aspect of sugar production has been the subject of detailed investigation.
Soil compaction studies - Mossman
(1975) Hurney, AP
Study was initiated to investigate the effects of the different bin transport systems on soil compaction. Compaction under dry soil conditions does not appear to be a serious problem and can ve overcome by cultivation. Compactive effects are more marked under wet soil conditions and there are indications of residual effects following cultivation.
The influence of time of harvest on yields and CCS and the subsequent ratoon crop
(1975) Moller, RB
This report deals with the second trial of the growth analysis trial programme on the Bundaberg Sugar Experiment Station. Full details of the purpose of this programme are outlined in Project Report 1973
Pot and intensive care yield trials : interim report BR602
(1976) Pollock, JS
A method for the rapid identification of ratoon stunting disease in sugar cane
(BSES, 1977) Steindl, DRL
Work with the electron microscope established a slender coryneform - type bacterium is constantly present in the sap of known ratoon stunting diseased plants and is absent from healthy plants. Purpose of project was to determine whether a reliable method of diagnosing doubtful cases of the disease could be based on the fundings of such organisms in the extracted sap, either by election or phase - contrast microscopy.
BSES Cane harvesting studies : preliminary report
(1977)
The sugar cane industry in Queensland has maintained its prosperity by successful mechanization of harvesting and other farm operations. Farm machinery purchases now represent a significant investment decision. It is therefore essential that harvesters satisfy industry requirements.
The promotion and delay of flowering
(1979) Pollock, JS
Several aspects of promoted flowering and delayed flowering were examined in small experiments at Meringa. These have application in the controlled flowering of parent varieties to facilitate a greater range of parent combinations. Results from some experiments are inconclusive and suggest further research. A useful collection of papers on flowering in sugar cane is contained in the Proceedings of the 11th ISSCT Congress, p505-545
Power factor correction : North Eton mill 1979
(BSES, 1979) McIntyre, RJ; Sturgess, OW; Atherton, PG
Inheritance of Fiji disease resistance
(BSES, 1981) Hogarth, DM; Ryan, CC
Various projects have been conducted in recent years to study the inheritance of resistance to Fiji disease. In this report the results of these studies are presented and the implications for the plant breeding programme discussed.
Progress report on BSES and WRC studies of water quality in Woongarra-Pemberton area - July 1981
(1981)
This report summarizes results of a pot trial comparing bore and surface water; co-operative monitoring of water-table levels with the Water Resources Commission; field trials with various ameliorants; and a field survey of yields and various management factors in the problem area and other neighbouring areas.
An investigation of factors affecting ash in first expressed juice in the Rocky Point mill area
(BSES, 1981) Kingston, G
Because of a deep concern at the level of ash in Rocky Point sugars and the lack of information on inorganic composition of juices entering the factory the management of W H Heck and Sons requested BSES to undertake an investigation in 1979 which might assist in identification of factors which contribute to the ash problem at Rocky Point. Accordingly a project was planned to allow identification of the major factors contributing to the ash loading in first expressed juice and to determine whether the ash levels in juice could be related to yield parameters affecting cane growers in the mill area.
Data-base and data handling programs for Plant Data Record
(BSES, 1981) Dyne, GD
The information contained in the BSES Plant Data Record is stored in computer data-bases for reporting and reference. Data for both the 1979 and 1980 seasons is stored at Bundaberg and reports for each of these years were generated using the data-base software. Listings of the forms required for the collection of new information have also been produced with this system. The system offers many advantages over the previous manual techniques, including speed and accuracy of report preparation, and the ability to manipulate stored data and report is as required.
Effects of natural enemies on soldier fly (Inopus rubriceps) populations in Queensland
(BSES, 1983) Robertson, LN
A study was initiated in 1981 to determine the role of natural enemies of soldier fly in south east Queensland. The objective of this work was to gain an understanding of soldier fly population dynamics in its native range. This paper presents information from a survey conducted to assess the degree of predation, parasitism and disease in soldier fly populations in Queensland. Intensive studies of natural enemies and population dynamics in south east Queensland are still in progress and will be reported in detail at a later date.
The inheritance of ash in juice from sugar cane
(1983) Hogarth, DM; Kingston, G
Ash per cent juice data were obtained for varieties within 97 crosses in original seedlings in 1979 and for varieties within 86 crosses from three factorial polycrosses in 1981, on the Bundaberg Sugar Experiment Station. The data showed that many crosses had higher ash levels than the standard variety Q87. In experiment I, Q87 had slightly lower ash levels than Q109 and Q111, and all three were significantly lower than Q110. It was found for experiments I and II, that 65 and 54 per cent respectively of the phenotypic variation was associated with genetic characters. As 95 per cent of genetic variation was additive, the prospects for breeding lower ash canes from low ash parents are very good. However, selections based on ash assessment may reject many varieties with other desirable agronomic characters. Negative correlations existed between ash per cent juice and Brix. However, the correlations were too low to assume that selection for high Brix canes would result in selections with lower ash levels.
Report on follow-up visit technical exchange program Malaysian sugar industry 15 to 31 January 1983
(1983) Stephens, RM
Biomass accumulation in sugarcane : final report 79/9028
(1984) Kingston, G; Ham, GJ; Ridge, DR; Leverington, KC
Growth analysis experiments were conducted at Ayr and Bundaberg from 1979 to 1982 to study biomass accumulation in plant and ratoon crops of sugarcane. Crops were planted and ratooned in March, June, September and December, and harvested at 6, 9, 12 and 15 months of age. Data were acquired for yields of total fresh and dry matter, in addition to yields of the following vegetative components: dry leaf, green leaf, tops and stalks. Fibre analyses were determined on all components, while glucose, fructose and sucrose % were also determined in the latter three components. It was shown that yield of total dry matter increased with age at harvest for all months of crop initiation. Potential for dry matter accumulation was closely associated with intercepted solar radiation. Growth for three months was ranked December-March > March-June > September-December > June-September. These rankings represented the interaction of crop growth stage with solar radition. The proportion of total dry matter allocated to soluble and structural carbohydrate was shown to be dependent on variety as well as an interaction between age at harvest and month of harvest. Canes older than nine months of age, harvested between June and December, had established a plateau type equilibrium between the proportion of total dry matter in soluble and structural carbohydrate. Good prospects existed for forward extension of the crushing season to March for ethanol production based on 15 month old cane. Models were developed to describe the growth of yield components of the biomass in relation to intercepted solar radition, month of crop initiation, age at harvest and crop class.
Studies into races of sugarcane rust
(BSES, 1984) Taylor, PWJ
A technique was developed for testing for physiological races of sugarcane rust. A range of cultivars were inoculated with a single spore isolate of Puccinia melanocephala by discharging 3 mg of urediospores into a spore settling tower by compressed air at 200 kPa pressure for one second with a settling time of ten minutes. A range of reaction types were obtained using this method. These reaction types were similar to reactions on naturally infected field grown plants. Components of stable resistance such as generation time, uredia number per mm2 and uredia diameter were also evaluated. The more resistant cultivars had fewer uredia per mm2 compared to the susceptible cultivars. No difference was recorded in generation times and size of uredia. The age of the leaf inoculated (between 24 and 75 days) did not have any apparent effect on host reaction type, generation time, uredia number and uredia size.
The evaluation of rope-wick application of glyphosate as a method of chemical weed control in some typical farm locations
(BSES, 1984) Linedale, AI
The effectiveness of rope-wick application of glyphosate (as Roundup) in controlling the common reed Phragmites australis in the Moreton and Rocky Point areas has fostered interest in this method of chemical weed control for general farm use. Further incentive to investigate this potential was provided by reported savings of chemical costs when compared to spray application, and the absence of associated drift problems with non-target species. In-crop application was estimated to be the area of greatest extra potential for rope-wick technology. Since application in the interspace between sugarcane rows would provide a critical testing situation for general farm application, inter-row strip trials were conducted in growing crops on four sites with an applicator developed specifically for that purpose. Additionally, a trial conducted concurrently with the project has resulted in a more precise evaluation of control of the common reed by the rope-wick method.