Completed projects and reports
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Sugar Research Australia, Sugar Research Development Corporation and BSES reports from completed research projects and papers.
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Item Factors affecting the sugar content of sugar cane in the wet tropics of Queensland: statistical analysis of ccs data at Babinda and Tully(BSES, 1972) Sturgess, OW; Hogarth, DM; Hurney, AP; Leverington, KCIn the wet tropics, the sugar content of crops is usually below the state's average and is a critical factor in farm economy, particularly during years of low sugar prices. This aspect of sugar production has been the subject of detailed investigation.Item Fibre characteristics of cane - results of measurements carried out at Bundaberg during 1987 season(BSES, 1987) Noble, AGDuring September, 1987 a total of twenty-three samples of cane were tested for extreme fibre characteristics at BSES in Bundaberg. The main purpose of this testing program, which was introduced during 1986 season, is to screen all prospective Q canes prior to their release to obtain some indication which varieties are likely to cause handling problems during the milling process.Item Herbicide efficacy screen North Queensland 1986 season(BSES, 1987) Williams, RCIn 1984 a wide range of herbicide treatments were evaluated against a number of weed species. Results demonstrated the weakness and strengths of various products, and the optimum timing of application. To further improve the knowledge of currently registered herbicides and of those which may have some potential for use in cane, another series of trials were laid down in 1986.Item Biomass accumulation in sugarcane : final report 79/9028(1984) Kingston, G; Ham, GJ; Ridge, DR; Leverington, KCGrowth analysis experiments were conducted at Ayr and Bundaberg from 1979 to 1982 to study biomass accumulation in plant and ratoon crops of sugarcane. Crops were planted and ratooned in March, June, September and December, and harvested at 6, 9, 12 and 15 months of age. Data were acquired for yields of total fresh and dry matter, in addition to yields of the following vegetative components: dry leaf, green leaf, tops and stalks. Fibre analyses were determined on all components, while glucose, fructose and sucrose % were also determined in the latter three components. It was shown that yield of total dry matter increased with age at harvest for all months of crop initiation. Potential for dry matter accumulation was closely associated with intercepted solar radiation. Growth for three months was ranked December-March > March-June > September-December > June-September. These rankings represented the interaction of crop growth stage with solar radition. The proportion of total dry matter allocated to soluble and structural carbohydrate was shown to be dependent on variety as well as an interaction between age at harvest and month of harvest. Canes older than nine months of age, harvested between June and December, had established a plateau type equilibrium between the proportion of total dry matter in soluble and structural carbohydrate. Good prospects existed for forward extension of the crushing season to March for ethanol production based on 15 month old cane. Models were developed to describe the growth of yield components of the biomass in relation to intercepted solar radition, month of crop initiation, age at harvest and crop class.Item Development of a fungicide spray schedule to determine the effect of sugarcane rust (Puccinia melanocephala) on yield(BSES, 1984) Taylor, PWJ; Croft, BJ; Ryan, CCThis study reports on work carried out to develop a fungicide spray program which is suitable for yield loss assessment investigations. Aspects examined include the efficacy of various concentrations of chlorothalonil and oxycarboxin on rust, the frequency of application of one concentration of chlorothalonil or oxycarboxin on level of infection, and arrangement of spray nozzles to give good coverage of fungicides.Item Development of a biological control against sugarcane poor root syndrome(BSES, 1987) Birch, RGThe overall objective of the project was to search for and develop an economically effective biocontrol against sugarcane poor root syndrome (PRS). The disease was known to be caused by two pathogenic fungi: Pythium graminicola and an unnamed oomycete causing flaccid root rot. The seriousness of this newly recognised disease, and the dearth of economic controls warranted the effort necessary for such a search.Item The effect of sugarcane rust (Puccinia melanocephala) on yield(BSES, 1985) Taylor, PWJ; Croft, BJ; Ryan, CCThis report details the results obtained from two trials to assess yeild loss caused by sugarcane rust and also outlines the epiphytotiology of the rust disease.Item Regeneration of sugarcane plants from protoplasts and application of genetic transformation systems to sugarcane(1986) Taylor, PWJCurrent gene transfer systems developed for modifying plants include direct gene transfer to protoplasts and Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer. These studies have important practical implications for application of genetic engineering technology to crop improvement, initially in sugarcane, and subsequently in other graminaceous crops for which sugarcane may serve as a model.Item Evaluation of the effects of rare earth elements on sugarcane in North Queensland(1989) Reghenzani, JRDuring 1988 BSES submitted a proposal to the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering for partial funding of a research project to investigate the response of sugarcane in North Queensland to rare earth elements. Muswellbrook Energy and Minerals Ltd. agreed to provide the funding required and they succeeded in importing a sample of the Chinese soluble rare earth product, "Nongle". BSES received 200g of the imported product, which was sufficient to establish four field trials. An earlier 10g sample of "nongle" provided by Prof. C. Asher of the University of Queensland was used subsequently in the glasshouse studies.Item Studies into races of sugarcane rust(BSES, 1984) Taylor, PWJA technique was developed for testing for physiological races of sugarcane rust. A range of cultivars were inoculated with a single spore isolate of Puccinia melanocephala by discharging 3 mg of urediospores into a spore settling tower by compressed air at 200 kPa pressure for one second with a settling time of ten minutes. A range of reaction types were obtained using this method. These reaction types were similar to reactions on naturally infected field grown plants. Components of stable resistance such as generation time, uredia number per mm2 and uredia diameter were also evaluated. The more resistant cultivars had fewer uredia per mm2 compared to the susceptible cultivars. No difference was recorded in generation times and size of uredia. The age of the leaf inoculated (between 24 and 75 days) did not have any apparent effect on host reaction type, generation time, uredia number and uredia size.