Completed projects and reports

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Resistance mechanisms and selection for resistance in sugarcane to sugarcane weevil borer : SRDC final report BSS15
(BSES, 2005) Berding, N
This project primarily sought to determine resistance mechanisms and selection mechanisms for resistance in sugarcane to SWB (Sugarcane weevil borer). As such it addressed the SRDC strategies of developing more productive cultivars by increasing clonal resistance to insect pests, and of developing resource management practices that ensure sustainable productivity through the expanded use of GCTB. From prior assessment of SWB infestation in parental clones at BSES Meringa and clones in advanced selection trials in the crop-improvement program based on on BSES Meringa, as well as reference to existing literature, reaction to SWB infestation obviously is a multifaceted trait that may encompass many individual plant traits. This research was based on a hypothesis that attempted to cover as many of these traits and their possible interaction with the insect.
Improving the Plant breeding selection system for Fiji Disease Resistance : SRDC final report BSS255
(2005) Croft, BJ; Ridley, AW; Dhileepan, K; James, AP
Fiji leaf gall (FLG) has caused major epidemics in the Australian sugar industry in the past. All new cultivars of sugarcane released in areas affected by FLG should be resistant to the disease. New cultivars have been tested for resistance in field trials in the past but the field trials are unreliable with only a third of trials in the last 28 years giving reliable ratings. The aim of this project was to develop a method of rating clones for resistance to FLG that would be accurate, reliable and practical to implement in the BSES-CSIRO variety improvement program.
Open area and screen resistance measurements on fugal screens
(BSES, 1988) Noble, AG
To determine whether the decrease in fugal capacity was due to the working screen or the wedgewire backing supporting it, a series of measurements were carried out on test specimens cut from the top, middle and bottom of segments of chrome-nickel working screens removed from the two trial machines. One of these had been fitted with a wedgewire backing and the other with conventional woven mesh backing. These measurements, which were carried out by the author at the Chemical Engineering Department of the University of Queensland, included the following: Slot width and open area determination; Photomicrographs of each screen section; Screen resistance of each specimen.
Plant resistance to canegrubs : SRDC final report BSS132
(BSES, 2002) Allsopp, PG; Cox, MC; Nutt, KA
The project sought to determine the range and types of resistances to feeding by canegrubs in sugarcane clones and their wild relatives. Resistance was tested in both pot trials and field trials and the importance of several biochemical factors in this resistance was investigated.Field and pot trials showed that a range of tolerance and antibiosis resistance mechanisms to canegrub feeding exists within the current sugarcane genome and close relatives. Tolerance effects were apparent in the growth of tops, roots and stubble. Antibiosis effects were apparent on grub survival and grub growth. Some of these tolerance effects are partially correlated with the general vigour of clones, but there are a number of clones that depart from the general relationships for tolerance and antibiosis. These clones would be especially important in any future program to increase the levels of resistance within the breeding gene pool.There was reasonable repeatability of pot-based tolerance levels between pot trials and with results derived from field trials. However, the type of canegrub and its underlying biology influenced the usefulness of field trials.Biochemical investigations showed no clear relationships between any factor and antibiosis phenotypes. However, there were indications that the type of cell-wall sugars may influence resistance to canegrubs. In addition, the data clearly indicated that the quantity and type of phenolic compounds in the roots change following feeding by canegrubs.
Inheritance of resistance to pachymetra root rot : SRDC final report BS27S
(BSES, 1994) Croft, BJ; Berding, N
Genetical resistance to root pathogens is a sensible strategy for disease control in a perennial crop such as sugarcane. Pachymetra root rot is a serious disease in Queensland and can cause losses of 30-40% in susceptible varieties. An understanding of the mode of inheritance of resistance is important in developing breeding strategies.
Inheritance of Fiji disease resistance
(BSES, 1981) Hogarth, DM; Ryan, CC
Various projects have been conducted in recent years to study the inheritance of resistance to Fiji disease. In this report the results of these studies are presented and the implications for the plant breeding programme discussed.

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